The stomach mucosa as the primary defense. The integrity of the stomach's epithelial layer affects food perception. Disruption of this barrier can be accompanied by a feeling of heaviness and early satiety.

Gut microflora is involved in regulating peristalsis. A lack of beneficial bacteria can affect the speed of food transit and be accompanied by GI discomfort.

Intestinal barrier in IBS. The condition of the intestinal mucosal layer regulates its permeability. A decrease in the protective properties of the lining can irritate nerve endings and contribute to the development of IBS symptoms.

Microflora and gas formation. A balanced microbiome affects the activity of fermentation processes that cause excessive gas formation. Microflora stability may reduce manifestations of bloating and GI discomfort.

The GI tract has its own nervous system that interacts with the microbiome. An imbalance in the microflora can increase sensitivity to stress factors and worsen manifestations of IBS and dyspepsia.

Systemic regulation of functional comfort. Supporting the normal condition of the mucous membranes and microbiome creates conditions for reducing the digestive tract's sensitivity to daily stress.